ArticleBMC research notes2026
From X to Z: generational differences in ageism among Iranian nurses.
Article in BMC research notes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveAgeism is a form of discrimination based on age. It is defined as negative attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors toward older individuals. In healthcare settings, ageism can lead to reduced care quality, patient dissatisfaction, and poorer health outcomes. One potential factor contributing to ageism among healthcare providers is generational differences. Nurses from different generational cohorts (X, Y, and Z) have differences in socialization, experience, and cultural context, which can lead to variation in ageism. This study aimed to investigate generational differences in ageism among nurses in Iran, specifically examining ageism across Generation X, Y, and Z nurses. A correlational cross-sectional study was conducted among 210 nurses working at two major referral hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Participants were recruited using stratified random sampling. They were categorized into three generational groups: Generation X (45-60 years), Generation Y (29-44 years), and Generation Z (22-28 years). Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and a validated ageism scale. Statistical analyses included one-way ANOVA, post hoc tests, and hierarchical regression.
resultsSignificant differences were observed in total ageism scores across generational cohorts. Generation Z nurses reported the highest scores (52.19 ± 7.95), followed by Generation Y (45.93 ± 5.96) and Generation X (43.71 ± 7.90). Post hoc analyses indicated that Generation Z scored significantly higher on ageism than both Generation Y and Generation X (P < 0.001). Hierarchical regression confirmed that generational cohort remained a significant predictor of ageism after adjusting for demographic variables, with Generation Z exhibiting higher scores (P < 0.001). These results highlight generational differences in ageism, with Generation Z nurses displaying higher total scores. This suggests the need for targeted interventions, such as geriatric education, communication skills training, and mentorship programs, to reduce ageist attitudes among younger nurses. Further research is required to explore the underlying causes of these generational differences and develop strategies to mitigate ageism in nursing practice.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.