Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42204591›Full record

ArticleBMC psychology2026

A scoping review of internet addiction and academic performance among health sciences students.

Nayereh Baghcheghi, Hamid Reza Koohestani

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Nayereh BaghcheghiSocial Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6877-473X
Hamid Reza KoohestaniSocial Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran. koohestanihr@savehums.ac.ir.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1047-7294

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionInternet addiction (IA) poses a public health concern in medical education settings. Despite students' increasing reliance on the internet for learning, evidence regarding its direct impact on quantitative academic performance indicators is conflicting and fragmented. This study aimed to map the scope, nature, and characteristics of existing research on the association between IA and academic performance among healthcare students.

methodsThis scoping review was conducted following the Arksey and O'Malley framework and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A systematic and comprehensive search was conducted in international and regional databases from inception to November 15, 2025. Out of 1,325 initial records, 15 eligible studies were selected for final analysis after screening.

resultsThe findings indicate a concerning prevalence of IA (ranging from 6% to 84%) and a complex and predominantly indirect relationship with academic performance. Although a direct association with Grade Point Average was not statistically significant in all studies, IA was strongly correlated with impairments in learning process quality (surface learning approach, academic burnout), mental health (strong comorbidity with depression and anxiety), and even physical health. Identified risk factors included Type D personality, patterns of mobile phone multitasking, and negative academic experiences.

conclusionIA is a multidimensional phenomenon primarily affecting medical students' cognitive and emotional capital. Effective management requires understanding its complex mechanisms, implementing evidence-based educational interventions, and creating supportive educational frameworks. Additionally, longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to better clarify outcomes and evaluate preventive strategies.

Indexed as

Academic PerformanceInternet Addiction DisorderStudents, MedicalHumansInternetAcademic performanceInternet addictionMedical sciences studentsScoping reviewSurface learning

Identifiers

PMID42204591
PMCPMC13470939

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.