Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42204302›Full record

ArticleNature nanotechnology2026

Chemical efflux imaging using an annular nanosensor array for in situ bladder cancer detection.

Wonjun Yim, Hohyung Kang, Byung Ha Kang, Maeve E McGinnis, Marco Machado, Xun Gong, Volodymyr Koman, Gabriel Sánchez-Velázquez, Xiaojia Jin, Zitang Wei and 3 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature nanotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Wonjun Yim *Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0242-7898
Hohyung Kang *Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5373-4460
Byung Ha KangDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6506-5118
Maeve E McGinnisDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-0971-0361
Marco MachadoDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Xun GongDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Volodymyr KomanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Gabriel Sánchez-VelázquezDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5090-3695
Xiaojia JinDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0694-5799
Zitang WeiDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7391-0342
Mark A PrestonDepartment of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1010-8464
Daniel A WollinDepartment of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2913-0418
Michael S StranoDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. strano@mit.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2944-808X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Detection of analytes in extracted biofluids, such as urine for bladder cancer biomarkers, is challenging owing to sample dilution and instability outside the human body. Here we demonstrate an annular nanosensor array grafted onto a standard biomedical catheter, which enables three-dimensional chemical efflux imaging from within a tissue compartment or luminal space. This platform integrates near-infrared fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotubes with the catheter, leveraging a ball-lens scanning optical device for chemical signal mapping. We develop nanosensors based on a phospholipid copolymer that selectively detect nuclear matrix protein (NMP-22), a biomarker for bladder cancer. The results show differential sensor responses between apoptosis in six bladder cancer cell lines and healthy fibroblast cells. Nanosensor-functionalized catheters track gemcitabine-stimulated cell death and monitor protein efflux in vitro. We demonstrate spatial imaging of incident chemical flux using this platform, achieving localization of biomarker sources in complex tissues and organs with 182-fold signal enhancement compared with extracted biofluid sampling. As an application, the catheter equipped with a rotating ball lens chemically images porcine bladders, detecting biomarker efflux up to 2 cm away, highlighting its potential as a point-of-care diagnostic tool.

Indexed as

Urinary Bladder NeoplasmsAnimalsBiomarkers, TumorCell Line, TumorHumansNanotubes, CarbonSwineUrinary BladderBiomarkers, TumorNanotubes, Carbon

Identifiers

PMID42204302

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.