Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42204277›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

A High-resolution metal-insulator-metal plasmonic biosensor with concentric ring resonators for carcinoembryonic antigen detection.

Hamid Bahador, Hadi Izadiyar, Azadeh Nilghaz

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Hamid BahadorDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. hamid.bahador@uma.ac.ir.
Hadi IzadiyarDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
Azadeh NilghazDrug Delivery, Disposition, and Dynamics, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

High-resolution optical sensors are vital for detecting subtle refractive index variations associated with biomolecular interactions, such as changes in carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) concentration. This work presents a compact metal-insulator-metal (MIM) plasmonic sensor with two concentric ring resonators, numerically investigated using finite-difference time-domain simulations. Structural parameters are optimized to maximize field confinement and resonant mode coupling, yielding a sensitivity of 1035 nm/RIU, a resonance linewidth of 3.75 nm, and a figure of merit of 276 RIU⁻¹. The sensor demonstrates precise spectral shifts corresponding to minute refractive index changes linked to CEA, while the influence of surface-bound layers and fabrication tolerances is also assessed to ensure robustness under practical conditions. These results highlight the sensor's potential as a high-resolution, label-free platform for monitoring CEA in biological samples.

Indexed as

Biosensing TechniquesCarcinoembryonic AntigenMetalsSurface Plasmon ResonanceHumansCarcinoembryonic AntigenMetalsCarcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) detectionConcentric ring resonatorHigh-resolution refractive index sensingMetal–Insulator–Metal (MIM) plasmonic sensorSurface plasmon polaritons

Identifiers

PMID42204277
PMCPMC13443209

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.