ArticleEuropean journal of dentistry2026
Comparative Evaluation of the Remineralization Potential of Fluoride-Free Bioactive Toners and Fluoride-Containing Functionalized Tricalcium Phosphate Toothpaste on the Artificially Demineralized Enamel: An In Vitro Study.
Article in European journal of dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objectives: Management of demineralized enamel currently focuses on the use of remineralizing materials. This study evaluated the remineralizing efficacy of two fluoride-free bioactive toners-BAT-1 (nanohydroxyapatite, calcium phosphate, and antibacterial agents) and BAT-2 (calcium phosphate and antibacterial agents)-compared with fluoride-containing functionalized tricalcium phosphate toothpaste (CPT) on demineralized enamel. Materials and Methods: Sixty human premolar specimens were demineralized and randomly allocated into four groups ( Statistical Analysis: ANOVA (analysis of variance) and Bonferroni's post-hoc tests were utilized to identify significant differences among groups (α = 0.05). Results: Significant variations in %HR and %RP were observed across groups, though BAT-1 and CPT performed comparably ( Conclusion: Although BAT-1 showed remineralization potential comparable to CPT, it was notably more effective at reducing lesion depth. Consequently, BAT-1 is a promising fluoride-free material for the noninvasive management of early carious lesions.
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