Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42201146›Full record

ArticleEpigenomes2026

Epigenome-Wide DNA Methylation Levels During Pregnancy: Associations with Parity Across Diverse Populations.

Su Chen, Yunsung Lee, Siri E Håberg, Per Magnus, Christian Magnus Page, Emese H C Kovács, Anne L Dunlop, Alicia K Smith, John W Holloway, Syed Hasan Arshad and 2 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Epigenomes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Su ChenDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3900-1257
Yunsung LeeCentre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo 0213, Norway.
Siri E HåbergCentre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo 0213, Norway.
Per MagnusCentre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo 0213, Norway.
Christian Magnus PageCentre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo 0213, Norway.
Emese H C KovácsDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9578-894X
Anne L DunlopDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5092-8136
Alicia K SmithDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8537-5156
John W HollowaySchool of Human Development & Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9998-0464
Syed Hasan ArshadNIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
Wilfried KarmausDivision of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2684-1492
Susan L EwartDepartment of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6462-7043

Funding

Effect of Prenatal Compounds on Adult Lung Function via Neonatal DNA MethylationR01HL132321 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MEMPHIS · PI KARMAUS, WILFRIED JJ · 2016 to 2020
$3.2M
Biobehavioral Determinants of the Microbiome and Preterm Birth in Black WomenR01NR014800 · NINR · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI CORWIN, ELIZABETH JEANNE, DUNLOP, ANNE LANG · 2013 to 2017
$2.8M
Maintenance and Enhancement of the Atlanta African American Maternal-Child Cohort: Exposome Profiling via High-resolution Metabolomics and Integration of Microbiome-Metabolome-Epigenome DataR24ES029490 · NIEHS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI ANNE Lang DUNLOP, Dean Paul Jones · 2018 to 2026
$2.4M
Epigenetic and Biobehavioral Determinants of Preterm Birth in Black WomenR01MD009064 · NIMHD · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI DUNLOP, ANNE LANG, SMITH, ALICIA K · 2014 to 2018
$1.9M
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development R21HD099614National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases R01AI091905NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL132321NIEHS NIH HHS R24ES029490NIMHD NIH HHS R01MD009064NINR NIH HHS R01NR014800The Research Council of Norway 262700
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesParity, the number of times a woman carries a pregnancy to viability, has been linked to long-term maternal health outcomes. The mechanisms linking parity to health outcomes are poorly understood but may reflect influences of pregnancy on the maternal epigenome.

methodsThis study examines the relationship between parity and DNA methylation (DNAm) during pregnancy using data from three cohorts: the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), the Atlanta African American Maternal-Child (AAAMC) cohort, and the Isle of Wight (IOW) Birth Cohort.

resultsAn epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) in MoBa identified 5374 cytosine-phosphate-guanine sites (CpGs) that were statistically significantly associated with parity, of which 69% were positively and 31% negatively correlated. Replication analyses confirmed 3491 CpGs in at least one cohort, and 93 CpGs in both AAAMC and IOW. Gene enrichment analysis revealed significant involvement of developmental and signaling pathways, including calcium signaling and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. Additionally, 584 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were detected, with 90% overlapping individual parity-related CpGs.

conclusionsThese findings suggest that parity influences epigenetic patterns, potentially affecting biological processes and molecular functions relevant to maternal health later in life.

Indexed as

AAAMC cohortDNA methylationepigeneticsIOW cohortMoBa cohortparitypregnancyreplication study

Identifiers

PMID42201146
PMCPMC13214899

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.