SynthesisFrontiers in medicine2026
The delirium dichotomy of remimazolam: a differential risk profile for emergence delirium versus postoperative delirium in surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Effect of Remimazolam on Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Surgical Patients: A Critical Review of Pharmacological Mechanisms and Clinical Evidence.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The association between remimazolam, a novel ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine, and the risk of postoperative delirium (POD) and emergence delirium (ED) remains controversial, particularly following prolonged infusion. Methods: PUBMED, EMBASE, WEB OF SCIENCE and the Cochrane Library electronic databases were searched up to December 10, 2025. The primary outcome was the incidence of delirium. Secondary outcomes included postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), respiratory depression after extubation, extubation time and length of hospital stay. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted to assess clinical and methodological sources of heterogeneity in intervention effect, including age, type of surgery, assessment methods of delirium, depth of anesthesia monitoring, the use of flumazenil as an antagonist for remimazolam. Results: A total of 30 trials were included, consisting of 25 RCTs, 4 retrospective studies and a prospective cohort study. The incidence of delirium was 11.4% (312/2734) in the remimazolam group and 15.2% (429/2827) in the non-remimazolam group, showing no significant difference (RR = 0.81; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.63-1.05, Conclusion: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, prolonged continuous intravenous administration of remimazolam throughout the surgical procedure does not increase the risk of delirium compared to other anesthetic regimens. In addition, remimazolam has potential benefits in the pediatric population as it reduces the risk of ED. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251138775, Identifier: CRD420251138775.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.