Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy Through Tailored Pharmacokinetics: A Review of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle-Based Delivery Systems.

Low solubility and bioavailability represent major challenges in drug development, resulting in sub-optimal pharmacokinetic profiles, including poor gastrointestinal absorption and limited systemic exposure. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have emerged as promising drug delivery systems due to their high surface area, tunable pore size, and high pore volume, which enable enhanced drug loading and stabilization of drugs in an amorphous state. These properties are critical for improving dissolution behavior. Numerous studies confirm that drug encapsulation into MSNs significantly enhances the dissolution rate, leading to substantial pharmacokinetic improvements-specifically increased Area Under the Curve (AUC) and higher Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax)-which are directly correlated with enhanced systemic exposure and the potential for improved therapeutic efficacy for poorly soluble drugs. These comprehensive findings indicate that MSN-based delivery systems offer a powerful strategy to overcome the intrinsic pharmacokinetic limitations of poorly soluble compounds and warrant further investigation into their long-term safety and clinical application.