Evaluation of Clinical Outcomes of Laminectomy Versus Laminoplasty in Patients With Intradural Spinal Tumors: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Introduction Intradural spinal tumors constitute a significant proportion of central nervous system neoplasms. Surgical resection remains the definitive treatment modality to achieve adequate tumor control and neurological preservation. While laminectomy has traditionally been the standard posterior approach for resection, it is associated with several postoperative complications. In recent decades, laminoplasty has emerged as an alternative surgical technique to address the shortcomings of traditional laminectomy. The optimal surgical approach that achieves complete tumor resection while minimizing postoperative morbidity and preserving spinal alignment continues to be debated. Our study aims to compare clinical outcomes between laminectomy and laminoplasty in patients with intradural spinal tumors. Methods This was a hospital-based, single-center retrospective observational study conducted on 100 consecutive patients with intradural spinal tumors equally divided into two groups: group A (laminectomy) and group B (laminoplasty). The aim of the study is to evaluate the clinical outcomes of laminectomy versus laminoplasty. Patient data were collected from the HMIS (Hospital Management Information System), and patient-related imaging was procured from PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System). Data recorded included demographic data, operative parameters, functional outcomes, postoperative complications, and radiographic assessment. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM Corp. Released 2014. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. Quantitative data was represented as mean and standard deviation. The statistical significance was set at a p-value <0.05. Results A total of 100 patients were included (laminectomy = 50, laminoplasty = 50). Operative time was slightly longer with laminoplasty, while blood loss (p < 0.001) and hospital stay (p=0.003) were significantly lower. Neurological outcomes (Modified McCormick Scale) were equivalent in both groups at 12 months. Laminoplasty demonstrated significantly lower postoperative pain scores (VAS, p<0.001), fewer CSF leaks (2% vs. 12%, p=0.047), and fewer epidural hematomas. Overall complication rates were lower following laminoplasty. Conclusion Laminoplasty represents a secure and effective alternative to traditional laminectomy in terms of pain, hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss, and peri- and postoperative complications. The marginal increase in operative time is outweighed by the substantial reduction in perioperative morbidity and improved functional outcomes. Given these advantages, laminoplasty represents a safe, effective, and potentially preferable alternative to traditional laminectomy for adult patients with intradural spinal tumors, though these findings warrant further validation through prospective, multi-centric studies.