ArticleFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2026
Anthropometry, sex, and age at diagnosis affect pulmonary blood volume quantification from computed tomography pulmonary angiography in pulmonary hypertension assessment.
Article in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: The influence of anthropometrics, sex, and age at diagnosis on artificial intelligence (AI)-derived pulmonary blood volumes (PBV) from computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) remains poorly characterized. These physiological and biological determinants may affect PBV-based pulmonary hypertension (PH) prediction models. Methods: An AI-based segmentation model quantified pulmonary artery and vein volumes in a secondary CTPA analysis from the Cambridge PH Registry. PBV were modelled as functions of anthropometrics, sex, and age at diagnosis, adjusting for pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), PH diagnostic category (group 1, 2, 3 or 4 PH, or no PH), and number of cardiac comorbidities. The impact of PBV normalization strategies, including anthropometrics, on sex-related differences was assessed. Multivariable linear regression evaluated associations between PBV and invasively measured PVR and cardiac output (CO), and the incremental predictive value of anthropometrics. Results: 376 patients (median age 60 years; 57% female) investigated with right heart catheter were included: 120 pulmonary arterial hypertension, 30 group 2 PH, 79 group 3 PH, 102 chronic thromboembolic PH, and 45 without PH. Pulmonary artery volume increased with height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and body surface area (BSA) (all Conclusion: AI-derived PBV from CTPA are shaped by complex interactions between anthropometrics, sex, and diagnosis age, with distinct effects on pulmonary arterial and venous compartments. Accounting for these determinants is essential for translating AI-quantified PBV into clinically intuitive PH prediction or phenotyping models.
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