Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42199163›Full record

ArticleChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2026

Membrane-Permeable Nucleoside T-1106 Diphosphate and Triphosphate Analogues as Antiviral Pronucleotides.

Chris Meier, Duan Li, Leentje Persoons, Graciela Andrei, Robert Snoeck, Dominique Schols, Lieve Naesens, Xiao Jia

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Chris MeierOrganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Natural Sciences, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
Duan LiState Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.
Leentje PersoonsMolecular Genetics and Therapeutics in Virology and Oncology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Graciela AndreiMolecular, Structural and Translational Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-4896
Robert SnoeckMolecular, Structural and Translational Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Dominique ScholsMolecular, Structural and Translational Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Lieve NaesensMolecular, Structural and Translational Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9742-9302
Xiao JiaOrganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Natural Sciences, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6059-7975

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Me1161/13-1Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Me1161/15-1Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Me1161/17-1Deutsche Zentrum für InfektionsforschungGuangdong High-level Innovative Research Institute 2021B0909050003Innovative Scientific Research Team Project of ZhongShan CXTD2024007KU Leuven C24E/22/035National Natural Science Foundation of China 82504557Open Access Publication Fund of Universität Hamburg.Prevention and Control of Emerging and Major Infectious Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project 2025ZD0190370*
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The nucleobase T-1105, the non-fluorinated analogue of favipiravir (T-705), inhibits viral RNA synthesis after conversion to its ribonucleoside-5'-triphosphate (T-1105-RTP) metabolite. However, this metabolic activation is rate-limiting and inefficient. We here report the chemical synthesis and evaluation of three series of T-1105-ribonucleoside (T-1106)-DiPPro- and TriPPPro-nucleotide prodrugs to allow their cellular uptake. Their efficient release of the T-1106-diphosphate and triphosphate forms was demonstrated upon incubation in PBS, pig liver esterase, extract of human T-lymphoblast CEM/0 cells and human plasma. This validates the successful hydrolysis and delivery of the corresponding nucleotides, via chemical or enzyme-triggered mechanisms. Interestingly, several T-1106-DiPPro-prodrugs, for example, compound 24h, and TriPPPro-prodrugs proved superior to the parent T-1106 nucleoside, in inhibiting influenza A and influenza B replication in MDCK cells, and of human coronavirus OC43 in HEL299 cells. This validates the utility of our pronucleotide strategy to overcome the inefficient activation of T-1106 and increase the antiviral efficacy against influenza and coronaviruses.

Indexed as

AmidesAntiviral AgentsArabinonucleosidesDiphosphatesPolyphosphatesProdrugsAnimalsCoronavirus OC43, HumanDogsHumansInfluenza A virusInfluenza B virusMadin Darby Canine Kidney CellsPyrazinesSwineVirus ReplicationAmidesAntiviral AgentsArabinonucleosidesDiphosphatesfavipiravirPolyphosphatesProdrugsPyrazinesT 1105antiviral activitynucleoside analoguenucleoside diphosphatesnucleoside triphosphatesprodrugs

Identifiers

PMID42199163
PMCPMC13569937

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.