Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42198796›Full record

ArticleJournal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.]2026

Effects of Acidic Media on the Mechanical and Optical Properties of Digitally Designed Restorative Materials.

Ismini Papoulidou, Petros Mourouzis, Andrea Baldi, Nicola Scotti, Dimitrios Dionysopoulos

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.], 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ismini PapoulidouDepartment of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Petros MourouzisDepartment of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0396-385X
Andrea BaldiDepartment of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Nicola ScottiDepartment of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7380-1675
Dimitrios DionysopoulosDepartment of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-2201

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis investigation assessed how acidic environments affect the optical behavior, surface roughness, and hardness of a newly developed 3D-printed permanent resin compared with commonly used computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing restorative blocks. MATERIALS AND

methodsThe materials tested were lithium disilicate, a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network, a nanoceramic resin block, and a 3D-printed composite. Specimens were stored in hydrochloric acid and Coca-Cola, with distilled water as the control medium. Changes in color, translucency, roughness, and hardness were measured before and after immersion. Data were analyzed using R (v4.5) with a significance level of p < 0.05.

resultsLithium disilicate showed the greatest resistance to acidic conditions in both optical and mechanical properties. The polymer-infiltrated ceramic network and filler press and monomer infiltration materials showed intermediate stability under acidic challenges across all measured parameters. The 3D-printed resin was the least stable material. Gastric acid caused more pronounced deterioration than Coca-Cola, while water produced minimal changes.

conclusionsAcidic exposure negatively affected the performance of all tested restorative materials. Lithium disilicate remained largely unaffected, whereas the 3D-printed permanent resin showed significant vulnerability. These findings emphasize that material choice is critical for patients prone to erosive challenges such as reflux or frequent soft drink intake.

Indexed as

Computer-Aided DesignDental MaterialsPrinting, Three-DimensionalDental PorcelainHardnessMaterials TestingSurface PropertiesDental MaterialsDental Porcelainlithia disilicate3D‐printed resinbeverageCAD/CAM restorative materialscolorerosiongastric acidsurface hardnesssurface roughnesstranslucency

Identifiers

PMID42198796
PMCPMC13576844

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.