ArticleViruses2026
Comparative Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA Concentration and Normalization Strategies in Prison Wastewater: Implications for Viral Dynamics in Confined Environments.
Article in Viruses, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundWastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a valuable population-level surveillance tool for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 circulation. However, evidence on optimal viral concentration approaches in confined institutional settings such as prisons remains limited. This study aimed to compare the performance of Direct Capture (DC) and Electronegative Membrane Filtration (EMF) for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in wastewater from a prison facility in Selangor, Malaysia.
methodsComposite wastewater samples collected over 18 weeks (April-August 2023;
conclusionsNormalization reduced absolute SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations while preserving temporal trends, supporting its use to improve comparability across sampling periods. Overall, these findings demonstrate that DC combined with N1 detection provides a more sensitive and reliable approach for SARS-CoV-2 WBE in confined settings, underscoring the importance of methodological optimization to strengthen early-warning capacity in high-risk environments.
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