Biocidal Conditions in Low-Mars-Orbit Can Inactivate Bioburden on External Mars Spacecraft Surfaces and Dust Particles Within a Few Sols.

Andrew C Schuerger, Petra Schwendner, Lisa Guan, Jerami Mennella, Nicholas Heinz, Ioannis Mikellides, Brian G Clement

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Microorganisms, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Andrew C SchuergerDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3781-5046

Petra SchwendnerDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.

Lisa GuanJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.

Jerami MennellaJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.

Nicholas HeinzJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.

Ioannis MikellidesJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9784-6170

Brian G ClementJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.

Funding

NASA 80NM0018D0004

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mars Sample Return Program planning includes a series of spacecraft staged both on the Martian surface and in low-Mars-orbit (LMO). During the transfer of samples into orbit, external spacecraft surfaces might be exposed to Mars dust carried on the sample container exterior and possibly extant microbiota (if present). This study was designed to characterize the synergistic effects of LMO ultraviolet irradiation, vacuum, and solar heating on the survival of two UV-resistant and heat-tolerant bacteria, one yeast, and one fungus. The species tested were

Indexed as

Mars astrobiologyMars Sample Return missionplanetary protectionspacecraft bioburden

Identifiers

PMID42197543

DOI10.3390/microorganisms14051158

PMCPMC13209720

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.