Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42197323›Full record

ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Impact of Pre-Treatment Strategies on Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Alternative Protein Sources: Case Study for Black Soldier Fly Larvae.

Sandra Borges, Tânia C F Ribas, André Almeida, Manuela Pintado

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sandra BorgesCBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0003-4665-1098
Tânia C F RibasCBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-9657-5869
André AlmeidaSEBOL-Comércio e Indústria do Sebo, S.A., 2660-119 Loures, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-7765-8060
Manuela PintadoCBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-0760-3184

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The rising global demand for protein-rich food has intensified interest in alternative and sustainable protein sources. Insects, particularly black soldier fly (BSF) larvae, represent promising substrates due to their high nutritional content and potential for valorization into functional ingredients. This study investigated the impact of pre-hydrolysis treatments on the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis using alcalase to enhance protein solubilization and bioactive peptide production. Pre-treatments included organic acids (propionic and acetic acid) and a pressure-thermal method. Results indicated that BSF larvae responded differently to the evaluated pre-treatment strategies. Notably, the pressure-thermal treatment combined with enzymatic hydrolysis increased soluble protein content by approximately 30% and antioxidant activity by approximately 20%, suggesting enhanced release of bioactive peptides. Although organic acid treatments increased protein solubility, they did not improve the degree of hydrolysis or antioxidant activity. These findings highlight the potential of pressure-thermal pre-treatment to improve the efficiency of protein extraction from insect biomass and support the integration of such approaches into food bioprocessing strategies aimed at developing novel, high-value protein ingredients.

Indexed as

DipteraInsect ProteinsLarvaSubtilisinsAnimalsAntioxidantsHydrolysisSolubilityAntioxidantsInsect ProteinsSubtilisinsalcalasebioactivityenzymatic hydrolysispre-treatmentsustainable protein sources

Identifiers

PMID42197323
PMCPMC13210069

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.