Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42196870›Full record

ArticleDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Comparative Analysis of General-Purpose vs. Domain-Specific Multimodal Models for Diabetic Retinopathy Classification.

Mohammad Iqbal Nouyed, Mohammad Al-Mamun, Donald A Adjeroh, Gangqing Hu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mohammad Iqbal NouyedDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5314-6706
Mohammad Al-MamunSchool of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
Donald A AdjerohLane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
Gangqing HuDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5453-6888

Funding

U.S. National Science Foundation 2125872U.S. National Science Foundation 2242771
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

diabetic retinopathyfundus imagesimage classificationlarge multimodal models

Identifiers

PMID42196870
PMCPMC13205931

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.