Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42196651›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2026

What Do We Know About Rural Mobile Health Clinics? A Scoping Review.

Katherine Simmonds, Madison Evans, Nancy Nguyen, Niharika Putta, Alexis Thom

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Katherine SimmondsInstitute for Health Equity and Social Justice Research, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Boston Campus, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Madison EvansInstitute for Health Equity and Social Justice Research, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Boston Campus, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Nancy NguyenInstitute for Health Equity and Social Justice Research, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Boston Campus, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Niharika PuttaDepartment of Undergraduate Medical Education, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 55 N Lake Ave, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
Alexis ThomInstitute for Health Equity and Social Justice Research, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Boston Campus, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rural communities face significant healthcare access barriers that contribute to persistent health disparities. Mobile health clinics (MHCs) have emerged as a promising strategy for expanding healthcare access, yet their effectiveness in rural settings remains understudied. The aim of this review was to examine the literature to determine what is known about access, health outcomes, and the cost-effectiveness of rural MHCs, specifically with regard to their impact on patient access and outcomes, return on investment (ROI)/financial, and program sustainability. We conducted a comprehensive search of peer-reviewed and grey literature sources. Systematic screening yielded 34 documents for full analysis. Thematic analysis was conducted across three domains: patient access, patient outcomes, and ROI/sustainability. All 34 documents provided data on patient access, with common themes including expanded service utilization, multi-service integration, overcoming geographic and transportation barriers, and improved healthcare affordability. Thirty-two documents addressed patient outcomes, reporting improvements in preventive care delivery, chronic disease management, and high patient satisfaction. Twenty-eight documents included ROI/sustainability information, with evidence suggesting cost-effectiveness particularly through emergency department visit avoidance and multi-service integration. Across the literature reviewed, the quality of evidence varied considerably, yet we concluded mobile health clinics demonstrate promise for expanding healthcare access and improving outcomes in rural populations. Key success factors include multi-service integration, diverse funding partnerships, technological integration, and strong community engagement. More rigorous research with longitudinal clinical outcome measures and robust economic analyses is needed.

Indexed as

Health Services AccessibilityMobile Health UnitsRural Health ServicesAccess to Primary CareCost-Benefit AnalysisCost-Effectiveness AnalysisHumansRural Populationcommunity healthcost-effectivenesshealthcare accesshealthcare sustainabilityhealth disparitiesmobile health clinicspatient outcomesprimary care deliveryrural healthunderserved populations

Identifiers

PMID42196651
PMCPMC13207173

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.