ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
A Direct ALAD-SSUII Interaction Implies a Potential Link Between Tetrapyrrole and Terpenoid Pathways Toward Chlorophyll Biosynthesis in Plants.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Chlorophylls are the major light-harvesting pigments in photosynthetic organisms. Their biosynthesis requires the coordinated supply of metabolic intermediates from two independent upstream branches: the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP)-derived terpenoid pathway, which supplies the phytyl side chain via geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP), and the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway (TBP), which provides the porphyrin ring. How flux through these two branches is coordinated remains poorly understood. In this study, we report the identification of a direct protein-protein interaction between δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), the second enzyme of the TBP, positioned immediately upstream of the first metabolic branch point, and the Type II small subunit of GGPP synthase (SSUII), a key regulator of terpenoid flux toward chlorophyll biosynthesis. ALAD was identified as a candidate SSUII-interacting protein by co-immunoprecipitation coupled with LC-MS analysis of rice leaf tissue, with a sequence coverage of 57.04%. The interactions between OsALAD1 and OsSSUII in rice, and between AtALAD1 and AtSSUII in
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