Design and Evaluation of Alginate-Based Hydrogels for Controlled Release of Cationic and Anionic Model Compounds.

Archana Mishra, Kitz Paul D Marco, Madeleine M Melancon, Dominic Karl M Bolinas, Allan John R Barcena, Marvin R Bernardino, Marites P Melancon

Abstract read

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In one paragraph

Article in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Polysaccharide-Based Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Carriers with Alginate as a Reference Matrix: Structure-Property Relationships and Emerging Applications in Encapsulation and Controlled Release.Polymers · 2026
Review

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Archana MishraDepartment of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7590-5846

Kitz Paul D MarcoDepartment of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.ORCID 0009-0004-0966-6201

Madeleine M MelanconDepartment of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Dominic Karl M BolinasDepartment of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Allan John R BarcenaDepartment of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5067-0334

Marvin R BernardinoDepartment of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Marites P MelanconDepartment of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7447-0705

Funding

MD Anderson's Cancer Center P30CA016672the National Institutes of Health-National Cancer Institute R01CA307595

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alginate-based hydrogels are well-known materials for drug delivery. However, their sensitivity towards chelators and burst release remain concerns. Polyelectrolyte coatings have been proposed to control drug release from hydrogels, but it remains unclear how the types of coating influence the release kinetics of drugs with varying ionic properties. Hence, we explored combinations of natural (chitosan, alginate) and synthetic (polyethyleneimine [PEI], polyacrylic acid [PAA]) polyelectrolytes to modulate the release kinetics of alginate-based hydrogel beads. Rhodamine B (RhB, cationic) and trypan blue (TB, anionic) were used as model drugs. PAA resulted in a less porous coating, and PEI effectively reduced swelling. While uncoated beads showed burst release, polyelectrolyte coatings slowed release to varying degrees. Chitosan+alginate and chitosan+PAA coatings showed limited impact on RhB release. In contrast, PEI+alginate and PEI+PAA coatings significantly reduced RhB release from 86% (uncoated) to 61% and 6% after 4 days, respectively. Alginate-TB displayed inherently slower release across all systems, with polymer coatings further reducing cumulative release from 49% (uncoated) to 7% in PEI+PAA-coated beads. Overall, polyelectrolyte coatings had a greater influence on the anionic payload, and PEI+PAA-coated beads emerged as promising carriers for controlled release of both cationic and anionic drugs.

Indexed as

alginatecontrolled releasehydrogelpolyelectrolyterhodamine Btrypan blue

Identifiers

PMID42196093

DOI10.3390/gels12050407

PMCPMC13206145

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.