Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42196054›Full record

ArticleGels (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Study of Viscoelastic Characteristics of Polyacrylamide Solutions in Polymer Flooding of Heterogeneous Reservoirs.

Inzir Ramilevich Raupov, Ahmed Kone, Alexey Feinberg

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Inzir Ramilevich RaupovDepartment of Oil and Gas Fields Development and Operation, Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University, 2, 21st Line, 199106 St. Petersburg, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-3938-8191
Ahmed KoneDepartment of Oil and Gas Fields Development and Operation, Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University, 2, 21st Line, 199106 St. Petersburg, Russia.
Alexey FeinbergDepartment of Oil and Gas Fields Development and Operation, Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University, 2, 21st Line, 199106 St. Petersburg, Russia.ORCID 0009-0008-3527-3427

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study addresses the need for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in mature reservoirs, particularly in Russian oil fields that have undergone prolonged production and exhibit declining performance. Among EOR techniques, polymer flooding remains one of the most widely applied and effective methods following conventional waterflooding. In this work, the rheological and viscoelastic behavior of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) solutions and their impact on oil displacement efficiency in heterogeneous reservoirs were investigated. Two polymers with different molecular weights were evaluated using steady shear, oscillatory rheology, and one-dimensional core flooding experiments. The results revealed pronounced shear-thinning behavior, with viscosity increasing with polymer concentration and molecular weight. Viscoelasticity was observed only for the high-molecular-weight polymer, characterized by a well-defined linear viscoelastic region and relaxation behavior sensitive to pore size, salinity, and temperature. Core flooding experiments showed that waterflooding recovered 30-31% OOIP, while high-molecular-weight polymer injection increased recovery to ~62% OOIP. In contrast, low-molecular-weight polymer yielded only ~40% OOIP, whereas a combined injection strategy achieved up to 74-76% OOIP. These findings highlight the critical role of polymer molecular weight and viscoelasticity in improving sweep efficiency and enhancing oil recovery in heterogeneous reservoirs.

Indexed as

core floodingenhanced oil recovery (EOR)polymer injectionrelaxation timerheology

Identifiers

PMID42196054
PMCPMC13205898

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.