Mechanical Properties and Damage Evolution of Shield Tunnel Spoil Solidified with Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Low-Carbon Cementitious Materials Under Drying-Wetting Cycles.

Yuhan Li, Henggen Zhang, Xujiayin Zhao

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Yuhan LiSchool of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250002, China.

Henggen ZhangShandong Key Laboratory of Technologies and Systems for Intelligent Construction Equipment, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan 250357, China.

Xujiayin ZhaoDepartment of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Funding

Joint Funds of the Shandong Natural Science Foundation of China ZR2025LH142National Natural Science Foundation of China 52478460Shandong Natural Science Foundation of China ZR2024ME054

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aims to develop a green composite cementitious material (GCCM) by partially replacing cement with multiple industrial solid wastes and to further enhance its toughness by incorporating basalt fibers (BF) for the effective disposal of shield tunnel spoil (STS). The deterioration behavior of STS synergistically improved by GCCM and BF was systematically investigated under drying-wetting (D-W) cycles using unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests, mass loss and P-wave velocity measurements, as well as industrial computed tomography (CT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that BF significantly improves the early-age strength and deformation toughness of STS, with an optimal UCS increase of about 13% at 0.45% BF. Although the mechanical properties of the specimens deteriorated with an increasing number of D-W cycles, the "bridging effect" of BF effectively inhibited the propagation and coalescence of cracks. Quantitative CT analysis further revealed that the addition of 1.00% BF reduced the pore volume (

Indexed as

basalt fibers (BF)drying–wetting (D-W) cyclesindustrial computed tomography (CT)industrial solid wastesshield tunnel spoil (STS)

Identifiers

PMID42195559

DOI10.3390/ma19101920

PMCPMC13208376

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