ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2026
Narrative Review of Potential Non-Surgical Treatments for BCG-Unresponsive Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a recommended therapy approach for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) to prevent disease progression and eliminate tumor cells. Nevertheless, some patients have shown resistance to BCG therapy, exhibiting disease recurrence and progression to MIBC, thereby necessitating radical cystectomy as the best-recommended treatment option. However, radical cystectomy greatly affects postoperative morbidity and quality of life, rendering many patients hesitant or surgically unsuitable for this invasive therapy. The concept of bladder preservation has emerged as an alternative, employing a diverse array of therapeutic agents and interventions to improve therapeutic efficacy to retain the bladder for as long as possible. In this review, we explore various established therapeutic agents and ongoing clinical trials involving new potential agents and interventions. This study was undertaken to determine the advantage of each agent and their combined therapeutic regimens in improving prognostic efficacy, offering an alternative to radical cystectomy for BCG-unresponsive NMIBC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.