ReviewBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Pharmaceutical Wastewater as an Emerging Environmental Contaminant: Sustainable Treatment Strategies and Future Perspectives.
Review in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The level of pharmaceutical contaminants is increasing exponentially on planet Earth. Despite the vital role of medicines in life, pharmaceutical effluents have severe environmental impacts and cause health issues. In order to treat pharmaceutical effluents, a variety of methods are adopted globally. The conventional techniques lack the capability of effective removal of these hazardous effluents. This review focuses on the methods currently used to treat pharmaceutical wastewater. Both individual and hybrid treatment approaches have been investigated. Optimum and sustainable treatment methods have been presented. Their advantages and limitations have been discussed in detail. Modern treatment techniques are designed to be more sustainable and cost-effective, with a target to achieve high to near-complete removal of contaminants. No single technique is sufficient individually for the purpose. A suitable combination of biological treatment processes with a membrane system and advanced oxidation processes has been observed to be a highly effective method. However, such hybrid methods are designed according to the quality and quantity of wastewater, target pollutants, and several other crucial parameters.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.