Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42194113›Full record

ReviewChildren (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Multidisciplinary Strategies for Tailored Anesthesia Management in Children Undergoing Radiotherapy.

Salvatore Palmese, Renato Gammaldi, Alessandro Vittori, Marco Cascella

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Children (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Salvatore PalmeseDepartment of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, AOU "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", 84131 Salerno, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9824-1256
Renato GammaldiDepartment of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, AOU "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", 84131 Salerno, Italy.
Alessandro VittoriDepartment of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, ARCO, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2377-3765
Marco CascellaDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5236-3132

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although radiotherapy is a cornerstone in the management of several pediatric malignancies, its administration in children poses unique anesthetic challenges. Unlike adults, pediatric patients, particularly younger children, often require repeated sedation or general anesthesia to ensure immobility and reduce psychological distress during daily treatment sessions that may extend over several weeks. This narrative review summarizes current evidence on anesthetic strategies for children undergoing radiotherapy, focusing on clinical indications, pharmacological approaches, safety considerations, and organizational aspects. We discuss the main sedation and anesthesia techniques used in non-operating room anesthesia (NORA) settings, including deep sedation with midazolam, propofol, ketamine, and dexmedetomidine, as well as general anesthesia with laryngeal mask airway management. Particular attention is given to the cumulative effects of repeated anesthetic exposure, airway management challenges in remote radiation environments, and the risk of respiratory and hemodynamic complications. The review also highlights the importance of individualized, protocol-driven management, rapid recovery strategies, and continuous remote monitoring systems. Non-pharmacological interventions and audiovisual-assisted techniques are also discussed as potential strategies to reduce anesthesia requirements in selected patients. A multidisciplinary approach involving anesthesiologists, radiation oncologists, nurses, psychologists, and technical staff is essential to optimize safety, treatment adherence, and overall quality of care. Tailored anesthetic management, supported by standardized protocols and specialized pediatric expertise, remains crucial to balancing procedural efficacy with short- and long-term safety in this vulnerable population.

Indexed as

anesthesiadeep sedationmidazolammultidisciplinary carenon-operating room anesthesia (NORA)pediatric radiotherapypropofol

Identifiers

PMID42194113
PMCPMC13204817

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.