Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42193964›Full record

ArticleCells2026

The Trilineage Coexistence Observed During the Differentiation of Porcine EPSCs.

Lihua Zhao, Yanglin Chen, Xiyun Guo, Meng Zhou, Tianxu Guo, Junjun Ma, Manling Zhang, Linxin Cheng, Jinbo Yu, Yu Zhang and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cells, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Lihua ZhaoThe State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China.
Yanglin ChenThe State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China.
Xiyun GuoJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Therapy for Organ Failure, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
Meng ZhouJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Therapy for Organ Failure, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
Tianxu GuoJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Therapy for Organ Failure, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
Junjun MaJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Therapy for Organ Failure, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
Manling ZhangJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Therapy for Organ Failure, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
Linxin ChengJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Therapy for Organ Failure, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
Jinbo YuJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Therapy for Organ Failure, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
Yu ZhangJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Therapy for Organ Failure, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
Guang YangJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Therapy for Organ Failure, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.ORCID 0009-0000-6746-8853
Rongfeng LiJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Therapy for Organ Failure, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.ORCID 0000-0002-9624-3706
Xihe LiThe State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7001-7997

Funding

National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy 2023-JSGG-1National Natural Science Foundation of China 31371487
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The mammalian early embryo possesses totipotency and can be captured as extended pluripotent stem cells (EPSCs). The first two cell differentiations result in epiblast, primitive endoderm, and trophectoderm, with the trilineage coexisting in a unified uterine microenvironment. Nevertheless, the in vitro counterparts-primed PSCs, trophoblast stem cells (TSCs), and extraembryonic endoderm (XEN) cells-require a distinct culture system. In this study, we successfully derived stable porcine EPSCs from fibroblasts at 35% efficiency, and interestingly observed that these EPSCs differentiated in parallel and gave rise to the transient coexistence (36-84 h) of trilineage cells when cultured in a single system (LCDM: hLIF, CHIR99021, DiM, and MiH). Then, XEN cells gradually predominated and eventually became the sole population in prolonged LCDM culture. However, TSCs and primed PSCs had to be differentiated from EPSCs under their respective culture system. EPSCs can differentiate into PGC-like cells independently of genetic modification and contribute to mouse neurula-stage embryos. Collectively, the trilineage coexistence phenomenon may provide novel insight into an early embryogenesis mechanism and strategy for porcine blastoid construction.

Indexed as

Cell DifferentiationPluripotent Stem CellsAnimalsCells, CulturedEmbryo, MammalianEndodermFemaleFibroblastsMiceSwineTrophoblastscoexistencedifferentiationEPSCsporcinetrilineage

Identifiers

PMID42193964
PMCPMC13204623

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.