ArticleBMC public health2026
Long-term survival of divers cohort compared to the general population in the Czech Republic.
Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundDiving involves unique physiological stressors and environmental exposures that may affect health outcomes. Long-term survival among divers results from a complex interaction between potentially harmful exposures related to the hyperbaric environment and oxidative stress, diving-related accidents, as well as protective factors such as physical fitness, psychological resilience, and socioeconomic status. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term survival in a cohort of Czech divers compared with the general population.
methodsData from 1,076 divers registered in the DIVE-PFO Registry (2005-2024) were linked with the National Health Information System to determine mortality and causes of death. Observed survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method; expected survival was based on national life tables to calculate relative survival via the Pohar-Perme method.
resultsOver 10,294 person-years of follow-up, there were 15 deaths (1.4%) among divers, of which four were classified as possible diving-related. No cardiovascular deaths were recorded. The annual diving-related mortality rate was 38.9 per 100,000 divers. Compared with the general population, our cohort of divers had significantly higher 10-year relative survival (101.9%, 95% CI 101.2-103.0). Divers also showed a lower prevalence of obesity, hypertension, and smoking compared to the general population.
conclusionsThe DIVE-PFO diver cohort demonstrated better long-term survival than the general population.
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