ArticleBMC infectious diseases2026
Diagnosis and management of mixed Chlamydia abortus and psittaci pneumonia guided by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: a case report.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundChlamydia abortus primarily causes abortion and stillbirth in animals and is associated with pregnancy-related complications in humans. However, it is an extremely rare cause of pneumonia in humans. While Chlamydia psittaci is a well-established respiratory pathogen, pneumonia resulting from a co-infection with both species has not been previously reported. CASE PRESENTATION: A 57-year-old male presented with fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Imaging revealed extensive pulmonary inflammation and consolidation, which rapidly progressed to respiratory failure. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) confirmed a mixed infection with Chlamydia abortus and Chlamydia psittaci. Following the early initiation of targeted doxycycline therapy, the patient's clinical symptoms and pulmonary imaging showed significant improvement, leading to a full recovery and hospital discharge.
conclusionsTo our knowledge, this study reports the first case of atypical pneumonia caused by a mixed Chlamydia abortus and Chlamydia psittaci infection in a male patient, thereby expanding the clinical spectrum of these zoonotic pathogens. The case exhibited a "clinical-imaging dissociation," characterized by severe radiographic changes alongside relatively mild clinical symptoms. When conventional diagnostic methods failed to identify the pathogens, mNGS provided a rapid and precise diagnosis. Guided by this result, early targeted therapy with doxycycline achieved a marked therapeutic effect, preventing progression to severe disease and an adverse outcome.
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