ArticleJournal of neurodevelopmental disorders2026
Chromosome 22q13 terminal deletion size is associated with relevant clinical features in a sample of 63 Italian patients with Phelan-McDermid syndrome.
Article in Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Prenatal and Postnatal Identification of Phelan-McDermid Syndrome in a Tertiary Referral Center: A 15-Case Series and Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
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21 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundPhelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS) is caused in the majority of cases by the loss or mutation of one allele of the SHANK3 gene, located in human chr 22q13.33. PMS displays large interindividual differences in clinical severity and longitudinal trajectory. Other genes located in this chromosomal region are known to contribute to the clinical phenotype (CELSR1, TCF20) in patients with larger deletions. The aim of this study is to identify clinically-relevant phenotypic features significantly influenced by the size of chromosome 22q terminal deletion and to identify new potential candidate genes likely to be involved in these phenotypic effects.
methodsGenotype-phenotype correlations were investigated in 63 PMS patients directly ascertained by deep clinical phenotyping and determination of deletion size (Agilent CGH-array 180K or 400K). Patients were partitioned into eleven categories, based on deletion size (Mb). Phenotypic variables significantly influenced by deletion size were initially detected by exact χ
resultsPhenotypic variables significantly associated with chromosome 22q deletion size in our sample include: expressive language (p < 0.001); motor development timing (p < 0.001); gait (p < 0.001); muscle strength (p < 0.01); social cognition, encompassing eye contact, exchange gesture, and joint attention (p < 0.001-< 0.05); infectious diseases coincident with the onset of behavioral manifestations (p < 0.001); brain structural abnormalities on MRI (p < 0.001); dysmorphisms (p < 0.001); renal and urinary malformations (p < 0.01); comorbid lifelong bipolar disorder (p < 0.05). The best separation thresholds for many of these variables were located within or nearby genes playing important morphogenetic (PLXNB2, TAFA5) or neurodevelopmental roles (BRD1, TBC1D22A, ATXN10 and/or FBLN1). For renal malformations, the two best thresholds point toward one long non-coding RNA and a cluster of antisense RNAs.
conclusionsThe genes identified in this study appear as strong candidates to contribute to the PMS phenotype, by conferring an additional layer of abnormal neurodevelopment and impaired morphogenesis to the disruptive effects produced by SHANK3 haploinsufficiency.
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