Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42192285›Full record

ArticleBMC plant biology2026

Efficient rhizobium strains enhance nitrogen fixation and growth in alfalfa by improving photosynthetic carbon metabolism and respiratory nitrogen assimilation.

Wenjuan Kang, Yuanyuan Du, Wenlu Hou, Yilin Han, Baofu Lu, Jian Guan, Shangli Shi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC plant biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Wenjuan KangKey Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Gansu Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China. kangwj@gsau.edu.cn.
Yuanyuan DuKey Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Gansu Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
Wenlu HouKey Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Gansu Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
Yilin HanKey Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Gansu Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
Baofu LuKey Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Gansu Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
Jian GuanKey Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Gansu Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
Shangli ShiKey Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Gansu Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.

Funding

China Agricultural University Corresponding Support Research Joint Fund, China GSAU-DKZY-2024-002National Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China CARS-34Open project of Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem,Ministry of Education, China KLGE-2022-01Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation, China 32101427
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImproved symbiotic nitrogen fixation efficiency between alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and rhizobia represents a green development strategy that addresses the demand for high‑quality protein, while also serving as a critical measure for safeguarding China's food security. Currently, there is limited research on how rhizobium inoculation influences alfalfa growth and development through photosynthesis and respiratory metabolism. Furthermore, studies examining the impact of rhizobium strains with differing symbiotic effectiveness on these metabolic pathways remain scarce.

resultsThe number of effective nodules per plant (7), nitrogenase activity (0.29 µmol·g

conclusionsFollowing inoculation with LL2, the levels of key metabolites associated with photosynthesis and respiration underwent systematic changes in the leaves, roots, and nodules of the plants. The enhanced symbiotic nitrogen fixation and plant growth were associated with synergistic changes in the host plant's photosynthetic carbon metabolism, respiratory energy metabolism, and nitrogen assimilation pathways. The findings of this study suggest potential strategies for enhancing nitrogen accumulation, possibly through modulating the energy balance of the symbiotic system, which could improve nitrogen fixation efficiency and ultimately increase legume yield and quality.

Indexed as

CarbonMedicago sativaNitrogenNitrogen FixationPhotosynthesisRhizobiumSymbiosisCarbonNitrogenEnergy strategyMedicago sativaPhotosynthetic metabolismRespiratory metabolismSymbiotic effects-different rhizobium

Identifiers

PMID42192285
PMCPMC13285294

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.