ArticleScientific reports2026
Chemical and mechanical extraction for egyptian safflower bio-oil with a performance and economic analysis for renewable fuel applications.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The growing demand for sustainable biofuels has increased interest in efficient methods for extracting oil from non-edible feedstocks such as safflower. This study compares chemical and mechanical extraction techniques, including Soxhlet extraction, maceration, hydraulic pressing, and screw pressing, for biodiesel feedstock production. A Box-Behnken response surface methodology was applied to optimize screw press operating conditions. The optimal parameters were identified at 172.5 °C and a screw press speed of 1400 rpm, with an energy consumption of 3.86 W-hour and a yield of approximately 19% in 29.8 s. The oils extracted using four extraction techniques were characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, confirming their suitability for biodiesel applications. Among the evaluated methods, a screw press proved to be the most energy-efficient and time-saving method, owing to the elimination of solvent use and its lower operational costs compared to conventional chemical methods. These findings highlight the potential of mechanical extraction as a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable approach for biodiesel production. Overall, this study provides a comparative and optimized framework for safflower oil extraction, supporting the transition toward greener and scalable biofuel production technologies.
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