Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42191674›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Paired DNA and RNA sequencing uncovers common and rare variation regulating human retinal gene expression.

Jacob Sampson, Ayellet V Segrè, Kinga M Bujakowska, Simon J Clark, Paul N Bishop, Steve Haynes, Diana Baralle, Jospin Al-Deek, Stacey Holden, Beverley Anderson and 8 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Jacob SampsonDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Ayellet V SegrèOcular Genomics Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6806-5845
Kinga M BujakowskaOcular Genomics Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6809-9818
Simon J ClarkDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Paul N BishopDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Steve HaynesDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Diana BaralleSchool of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Jospin Al-DeekDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Stacey HoldenDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0009-0009-8912-0976
Beverley AndersonDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Andrew HayesDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9525-0306
Rahmat A KemalDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1630-9526
Huw B ThomasDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9626-9706
Raymond T O'KeefeDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8764-1289
Siddharth BankaDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8527-2210
Graeme C BlackDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8727-6592
Panagiotis I SergouniotisDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0986-4123
Jamie M EllingfordDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. jamie.ellingford@manchester.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0003-1137-9768

Funding

Uncovering novel biological processes and pathogenic mechanisms for glaucomaR01EY031424 · NEI · MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY · PI Ayellet Vered Segre · 2020 to 2026
$4.5M
Finding Missing Genetic Causality of Inherited Retinal DegenerationsR01EY035717 · NEI · MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY · PI Kinga Bujakowska · 2024 to 2026
$2.1M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY031424NEI NIH HHS R01 EY035717UK Medical Research Council MR/W007428/1Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 224643/Z/21/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genetic disorders impacting vision affect millions of individuals worldwide, including age-related macular degeneration (common) and inherited retinal disorders (rare). There is an incomplete understanding of the impact of genetic variation on gene expression in the human retina and its role in genetic disorders. Through the generation of whole genome sequencing and bulk RNA-sequencing of neurosensory retina and retinal pigment epithelium from 201 post-mortem eyes, we uncover common and rare genomic variants shaping retinal expression profiles. This includes 1,483,595 significant cis-expression quantitative trait loci impacting 9,959 and 3,699 genes in neurosensory retina and retinal pigment epithelium, respectively, with associated genomic variants enriched to cis-candidate regulatory elements and notable shared eGenes between both tissues. We also detect 1051 expression outliers and prioritise 299 rare non-coding single-nucleotide, structural variants or copy number variants as plausible drivers for 28% of outlier events. This study increases understanding of gene expression regulation in the human retina.

Indexed as

Gene Expression RegulationGenetic VariationRetinaDNA Copy Number VariationsHumansPolymorphism, Single NucleotideQuantitative Trait LociRetinal Pigment EpitheliumSequence Analysis, RNAWhole Genome Sequencing

Identifiers

PMID42191674
PMCPMC13213049

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.