Trial reportThe international journal of neuropsychopharmacology2026
Recent cannabis exposure and acute nicotine effects: insights from randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intravenous nicotine studies.
Trial report in The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01495819 (Nicotine Reinforcement and Aversion in Young Adult Light Smokers), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Nicotine Reinforcement and Aversion in Young Adult Light Smokers
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveCannabis-nicotine co-use is common and may affect cessation outcomes, yet whether recent cannabis exposure alters nicotine's acute effects in humans remains unclear. We examined whether recent, non-daily cannabis exposure modulates the acute subjective effects of intravenous (IV) nicotine.
methodsWe pooled data from 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies using IV nicotine to isolate nicotine's pharmacodynamics in adults who smoke tobacco cigarettes (N = 60). Participants completed 3 sessions (placebo, 0.1 mg, 0.2 mg nicotine/70 kg). Recent cannabis exposure was defined a priori (past-30-day use with positive urine 11-nor-9-carboxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol vs no past-30-day use with negative screen). Primary outcomes were peak Drug Effects Questionnaire (DEQ) composites-stimulatory, pleasurable, aversive-within 10 minutes post-infusion. Secondary outcomes included nicotine self-administration behavior (proportion of nicotine choices) and cardiovascular responses (heart rate, blood pressure). Linear mixed-effects models included dose, cannabis exposure, sex, and FTND.
resultsNicotine increased all DEQ domains dose-dependently (P < .0001). Aversive effects showed a significant dose x cannabis exposure interaction (χ2 = 13.31, P = .001): participants with recent cannabis exposure reported greater aversive responses at 0.2 mg (Cohen's d' = 0.83), with minimal between-group differences at placebo/0.1 mg. Nicotine self-administration did not differ by cannabis exposure status, and no dose x cannabis exposure interactions were observed for cardiovascular responses.
conclusionsRecent, non-daily cannabis exposure is thus associated with selectively greater aversive responses to a clinically relevant IV nicotine dose, without differential cardiovascular reactivity or altered nicotine choice. These findings support a shift in the aversive limb of nicotine's dose-response and inform mechanistic and clinical studies on how cannabis exposure shapes nicotine reinforcement and cessation outcomes. CLINICAL
trial registrationNCT01495819, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01495819.
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