Mitigation of microbial biocontamination in cyanobacterial ethanol synthesis via alginate encapsulation.

backgroundSustainable biofuels have spurred interest in cyanobacterial ethanol production, yet large-scale application is severely hindered by microbial contamination-a devastating challenge that lacks universally effective, biocompatible mitigation strategies. Traditional methods such as pH manipulation or antibiotic application are often physiologically incompatible, environmentally unsustainable, or ineffective against diverse contaminant consortia.

resultsHere, we propose and validate alginate encapsulation as a physical barrier strategy to address this challenge. Alginate, a biodegradable polysaccharide derived from brown algae, forms a porous hydrogel matrix that encapsulates cyanobacterial cells. This matrix blocks direct contact, uptake or ingestion by microbial contaminants while allowing the efficient diffusion of gases (CO

conclusionsThis study demonstrates that alginate encapsulation represents a promising strategy to mitigate microbial contamination, with the potential to enhance the technical resilience and operational stability of cyanobacterial biofuel production.