Efficacy of Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Corticosteroids in Pediatric Myocarditis: A Comprehensive Prospective Analysis from a Middle Eastern Tertiary Care Center.

Ahmad Essmaeel, Hanan Mohammad, Maher Darwish

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in European journal of pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ahmad EssmaeelDepartment of Cardiology, University Pediatric Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.

Hanan MohammadInstitute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.

Maher DarwishDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wadi International University, Homs, Syria. darwish_maher@ymail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pediatric myocarditis remains a rare but serious condition with high morbidity and mortality. The potential role of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and corticosteroids remains debated. In this prospective cohort study, 84 children with clinically diagnosed myocarditis were enrolled and followed for one year. Patients received supportive therapy (n = 29), corticosteroids (n = 21), IVIG (n = 19), or combination therapy (IVIG + corticosteroids, n = 15), according to clinical judgment. Short- and long-term outcomes were compared. Improvement was defined as LVEF ≥ 55% or, for baseline LVEF < 45%, an absolute increase ≥ 10 percentage points with normalization of wall motion/fractional shortening. Outcomes were analyzed using chi-square/Fisher's exact tests, with risk ratios (RR), odds ratios (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) reported. Survival was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. At one year, improvement occurred in 35% of supportive, 48% of corticosteroid, 58% of IVIG, and 67% of combination therapy patients (global χ

Indexed as

Adrenal Cortex HormonesImmunoglobulins, IntravenousImmunologic FactorsMyocarditisAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleProspective StudiesTertiary Care CentersTreatment OutcomeAdrenal Cortex HormonesImmunoglobulins, IntravenousImmunologic FactorsCorticosteroidsIntravenous immunoglobulinMiddle EastPediatric myocarditisProspective study

Identifiers

PMID42189291

DOI10.1007/s00431-026-07103-1

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.