Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42187960›Full record

ArticleEntropy (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Uncertainty of Reported Behavior Dynamics and Its Relationship to Socio-Political Ideologies and Affiliation.

Patric C Nordbeck, Christine Shi, Anjali Dutt

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Entropy (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Patric C NordbeckDepartment of Psychology, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-9424-5604
Christine ShiDepartment of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3807-2838
Anjali DuttDepartment of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8151-8474

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

People's willingness to include others and their level of suspicion of those perceived to not belong are constrained by political affiliation and adherence to ideologies such as neoliberalism, Islamophobia, and ethnocentrism. In an era of heightened polarizing discourse about immigrants, the interaction between changing information and constraints can be leveraged to understand how dynamic narratives affect inclusory and exclusory behaviors. This study provides a combination of time-series generating methods and the survey approach to situate participants in a developing scenario. Eighty-two participants completed the dynamically modified survey in a scenario involving an immigrant family moving in next door and responded to two affordances: perceived invitability and reportability of the family. Participants' responses to each of twelve new situations formed time series of changes in reported inclusion and exclusion. Shannon information was used to quantify the amount of information (or uncertainty) that any given instance in the data series represents about the set of reported behaviors. The results showed clustering around adherence to neoliberal ideology, Islamophobia, ethnocentrism, and political affiliation, along with their relation to uncertainty of the time series. We discuss potential implications for perceptions of others' behavior and the potential of the modified survey and affordance-focus as dynamic and relational methods.

Indexed as

entropyimmigrationIslamophobianeoliberalismperceptionpoliticsShannon informationsurveys

Identifiers

PMID42187960
PMCPMC13206161

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.