Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42187446›Full record

ReviewBiosensors2026

Unobtrusive Sensing at Home Towards Healthcare 5.0: Technologies, Applications, and Future Directions.

Regina Oliveira, Joana Simões, Pedro Correia, António Teixeira, Florinda Costa, Cátia Leitão, Ana Luísa Silva

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biosensors, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Regina OliveiraInstitute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N-Aveiro), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0003-4913-8409
Joana SimõesInstitute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N-Aveiro), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.ORCID 0009-0007-6625-0781
Pedro CorreiaInstitute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N-Aveiro), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-7292-7735
António TeixeiraInstitute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA), Department of Electronics, Telecomunications & Informatics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-7675-1236
Florinda CostaInstitute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N-Aveiro), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-8729-714X
Cátia LeitãoInstitute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N-Aveiro), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-6331-1215
Ana Luísa SilvaInstitute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N-Aveiro), Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.

Funding

Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia 2020.00154.CEECIND/CP1589/CT0019Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia 2022.09701.BDFundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia UIDB/50025/2020-2023Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia UIDP/50025/2020-2023
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The growing prevalence of chronic diseases, population aging, and the shift toward preventive and personalized care under Healthcare 5.0 have increased the need for continuous health monitoring beyond clinical settings. While wearable devices enable remote monitoring, their long-term use is often limited by user compliance, comfort issues, battery dependence, and disruption of daily routines. To address these limitations, unobtrusive home-based health monitoring systems have emerged, integrating sensing technologies into domestic environments and everyday objects. This review provides a system-level analysis of unobtrusive health monitoring technologies for smart homes. It examines seven major sensing approaches, including camera-, laser-, radar-, infrared-, mechanical-, bioelectrical-, and optical-based sensors, and their integration into four home environments: living areas, bathrooms, bedrooms, and home offices. For each sensing modality, the operating principles, monitored physiological parameters, representative applications, and key advantages and limitations are discussed. Overall, existing solutions reveal trade-offs among measurement accuracy, robustness in real home conditions, energy autonomy, privacy preservation, and user acceptance. Heart rate and respiratory rate are the most commonly monitored parameters, while multimodal and clinically validated systems remain limited. Although unobtrusive sensing technologies show strong potential for proactive and personalized healthcare, challenges related to accuracy, interoperability, privacy, and cost continue to hinder large-scale adoption.

Indexed as

Biosensing TechniquesDigital HealthHumansMonitoring, PhysiologicWearable Electronic DevicesHealthcare 5.0health parametershome health monitoringunobtrusive sensorsvital signs

Identifiers

PMID42187446
PMCPMC13204518

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.