Residual Stress-Based Soft Robot with Capability for Grasping and Buoyancy Control.

Underwater soft robots offer many potential applications, including exploration, search, and rescue missions. Notably, these recently developed underwater soft robots present a safer and more adaptable alternative to rigid robots currently in use. Their flexible and deformable bodies enable them to easily adapt to challenging underwater environments and interact with diverse aquatic creatures and structures. In this paper, we present a soft buoyancy gripper that can manage buoyancy and adjust its position in the water without relying on external mechanisms. Modulating the volume of internal fluid can function both as a gripper and adjust buoyancy as needed. When buoyancy is reduced and fluid volume is minimized, the gripper can securely grasp objects, while increased fluid volume and buoyancy allow for delicate object placement. During experiments, the gripper successfully grasped and released multiple objects. When an extra channel was added, the crawling motion was achieved. The buoyancy control system demonstrates versatility and adaptability, offering the possibility of safe underwater exploration and research. Its ability to operate without harming marine environments or organisms makes it suitable for underwater research.