Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42186151›Full record

ArticleJournal of paediatrics and child health2026

The Impact of Remoteness on the Outcomes of Children With Prenatal Drug Exposure: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Taylor Colligan, Ju Lee Oei, Barbara Bajuk, Lucinda Burns, Kate Lawler, Hannah Uebel, John Eastwood, Andrew Page, Evelyn Lee, Lauren Dicair and 3 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of paediatrics and child health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Taylor ColliganSchool of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.
Ju Lee OeiSchool of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.
Barbara BajukCritical Care Program, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Lucinda BurnsNational Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.
Kate LawlerSchool of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.
Hannah UebelSchool of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9311-4434
John EastwoodNational Public Health Service, Te Whatu Ora-Health New Zealand, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Andrew PageTranslational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.
Evelyn LeeCentre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia.
Lauren DicairIndependent Researcher, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Charles GreenAlpha Maxx Healthcare, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
Michelle DicksonPoche Centre for Indigenous Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0713-7803
Mithilesh DronavalliTranslational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5084-5023

Funding

Alpha Maxx HealthcareAustralian Red Crossfrom SPHERE Mindgardens Neuroscience NetworkNHMRC Grant APP1198477University of Sydney
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveRemote residents have worse health outcomes than metropolitan residents, but whether geography impacts the outcomes of children with prenatal drug exposure (PDE) is uncertain. DESIGN AND

main outcome measuresLinked population data was used to compare rates of death, hospitalisation, emergency department (ED) encounters and placement in Out-of-Home Care (OOHC) for children with (n = 208 492) and without (n = 1 607 662) smoking, alcohol or substance exposure in NSW, Australia, born between 2001 and 2020. The relationship between remoteness of residence, PDE, service utilisation and death was determined with interaction terms after adjusting for confounders (First Nations status, maternal age, maternal mental illness, social disadvantage). Outcomes are reported as adjusted incidence rate ratios with 95% confidence intervals.

resultsCompared to other NSW children, children with PDE were more likely to die (2.90; 2.33-3.61), be placed in OOHC (52.43; 50.14-54.84), be hospitalised (1.22; 1.10-1.36) and attend ED (1.06; 1.03-1.09). Compared to metropolitan children with PDE, regional children were more likely to die (1.12; 0.78-1.61) but less likely to be hospitalised (0.82; 0.72-0.94), placed in OOHC (0.41; 0.37-0.44) and attend ED (0.93; 0.89-0.98). ED encounters increased up to 2.5-fold for regional children with PDE from 2001 to 2020.

conclusionsChildren with PDE in regional areas are likely to use fewer hospital resources than their metropolitan counterparts, but are more likely to die, mainly from preventable causes. Equitable access to preventative health and psychosocial support must be prioritised to improve outcomes of these children.

Indexed as

Prenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsRural PopulationSubstance-Related DisordersChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesEmergency Service, HospitalFemaleHospitalizationHumansInfantNew South WalesPregnancyhealthcare disparitieshealth disparate minorityhealth inequitiesprenatal exposure delayed effectssubstance‐related disordersvulnerable populations

Identifiers

PMID42186151
PMCPMC13378313

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.