Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42185744›Full record

SynthesisMovement disorders clinical practice2026

Placebo Effect in Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Luiz Vinicius Silva Correa, Alexandre Martins do Nascimento, Bruno Lopes Santos-Lobato, Henry Mauricio Chaparro-Solano, Ignacio Fernandez Mata, Vitor Tumas

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-AnalysisReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Movement disorders clinical practice, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Luiz Vinicius Silva CorreaDepartment of Neuroscience, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6642-9895
Alexandre Martins do NascimentoDepartment of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1809-0732
Bruno Lopes Santos-LobatoLaboratório de Neuropatologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9321-5710
Henry Mauricio Chaparro-SolanoDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1649-7854
Ignacio Fernandez MataDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1198-0633
Vitor TumasDepartment of Neuroscience, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2402-2709

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLevodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) is a complication of Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment. While the placebo effect is a known component in PD clinical trials, its specific magnitude in the context of LID is not well characterized.

objectiveTo quantify the magnitude of the placebo response in LID trials and to identify potential moderators of this effect.

methodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in patients with PD and LID. The primary outcome was the change in dyskinesia severity in the placebo arm, pooled using random-effects model.

resultsThirty one publications, comprising 1329 patients, were included. Data were stratified by reporting methodology: 16 studies provided primary LS mean change data, 11 provided simple change and the remaining studies contributing solely to subgroup analyses. The primary meta-analysis, revealed a statistically significant placebo response of moderate magnitude (pooled SMD = -0.48, p < 0.0001), with significant heterogeneity (I

conclusionThe placebo response in LID is a consistent, clinically relevant phenomenon modulated by patient demographics and trial duration. Quantifying this response is essential for design and accurate interpretation of future trials.

Indexed as

Antiparkinson AgentsDyskinesia, Drug-InducedLevodopaParkinson DiseasePlacebo EffectHumansAntiparkinson AgentsLevodopalevodopa‐induced dyskinesiameta‐analysisParkinson's diseaseplacebo effectrandomized controlled trials

Identifiers

PMID42185744
PMCPMC13339215

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.