Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42185561›Full record

ArticleNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2026

Management of diabetes mellitus-associated atherosclerosis via simvastatin-loaded novasomes.

Amr Gamal Fouad, Amany Belal, Olfat Yousef Gushgari, Rowaedh Ahmed Bawaked, Fadiyah Abdullah Al Shwail, Fatma I Abo El-Ela

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Article in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Amr Gamal FouadDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt. Amr_g@pharm.bsu.edu.eg.
Amany BelalDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
Olfat Yousef GushgariPublic Health Department, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Rowaedh Ahmed BawakedPublic Health Department, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Fadiyah Abdullah Al ShwailPublic Health Department, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Fatma I Abo El-ElaDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The impact of atherosclerosis on global healthcare systems is increasing rapidly. Understanding the complications arising from constricted and blocked arteries is essential for comprehending the full impact of atherosclerosis. Additionally, atherosclerosis is exacerbated by diabetes mellitus (DM). Simvastatin (SVS), an HMG-CoA reductase antagonist, is known to protect against DM-associated atherosclerosis due to its cardioprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, SVS has limited efficacy due to its poor solubility, short half-life, hepatic metabolism, and low bioavailability. This study aimed to develop, evaluate, and enhance nasal SVS-loaded novasomes (SLNs) with a focus on efficacy, bioavailability, and solubility for the treatment of DM-associated atherosclerosis. The efficacy of an optimized SLN formulation was investigated in albino Wistar rats. The optimized SLN formulation demonstrated an increase in bioavailability of 8.23 times, permeation of 4.52 times, and a release of 3.88-fold. The nasal SLN was found to be superior in terms of CK-MB, LDH, HDL, LDL, cholesterol, triglycerides, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. The effectiveness and safety of the nasal SLN were validated using histopathological and toxicity studies. These results suggest that nasal SLN delivery could be a potential treatment strategy for DM-associated atherosclerosis.

Indexed as

AtherosclerosisDiabetes Mellitus, ExperimentalHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsSimvastatinAdministration, IntranasalAnimalsBiological AvailabilityMaleRatsRats, WistarHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsSimvastatinAtherosclerosisBioavailabilityDiabetes mellitusNovasomesSimvastatin

Identifiers

PMID42185561

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.