Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42185429›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Distinct molecular profile in Sjögren's syndrome is associated with disease activity and clinical manifestations.

Carlo Perricone, Giacomo Cafaro, Martina Nicchi, Giulia Cruciani, Biancamaria Pianese, Lorenza Bruno, Roberto Dal Pozzolo, Roberta Cecchetti, Matteo Antonucci, Fabiana Topini and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Carlo Perricone *Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Giorgio Menghini, 1, 06129, Perugia, Italy. carlo.perricone@unipg.it.
Giacomo Cafaro *Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Giorgio Menghini, 1, 06129, Perugia, Italy.
Martina NicchiSection of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Giorgio Menghini, 1, 06129, Perugia, Italy.
Giulia CrucianiSection of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Giorgio Menghini, 1, 06129, Perugia, Italy.
Biancamaria PianeseSection of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Giorgio Menghini, 1, 06129, Perugia, Italy.
Lorenza BrunoSection of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Giorgio Menghini, 1, 06129, Perugia, Italy.
Roberto Dal PozzoloSection of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Giorgio Menghini, 1, 06129, Perugia, Italy.
Roberta CecchettiSection of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
Matteo AntonucciSection of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Giorgio Menghini, 1, 06129, Perugia, Italy.
Fabiana TopiniSection of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Giorgio Menghini, 1, 06129, Perugia, Italy.
Onelia BistoniSection of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Giorgio Menghini, 1, 06129, Perugia, Italy.
Patrizia MecocciSection of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
Roberto GerliSection of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Giorgio Menghini, 1, 06129, Perugia, Italy.
Elena BartoloniSection of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Giorgio Menghini, 1, 06129, Perugia, Italy.

Funding

Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca PRIN-PRNN 2022 "AMICI-SjS Analysis of Microbes, Immune and Clinical Insights in Sjögren's Syndrome" P2022LTTXE, CUP J53D23014150001Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca, Italy PRIN-PRNN 2022 "AMICI-SjS Analysis of Microbes, Immune and Clinical Insights in Sjögren's Syndrome" P2022LTTXE, CUP J53D23014150001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sjögren's disease (SjD) is a systemic autoimmune condition for which reliable diagnostic and stratification biomarkers are still lacking. Several molecules have been implicated in its pathogenesis, and this study aimed to evaluate their potential as biomarkers in a monocentric cohort of SjD patients. Sera from 40 SjD patients (2016 ACR/EULAR criteria) and 41 matched controls were analyzed for 23 soluble inflammatory mediators using a Luminex® multiplex immunoassay. Clinical and laboratory correlations were examined, and multivariate logistic regression was performed. Compared with controls, SjD patients had significantly higher levels of IL-15 (11.52 ± 24.95 vs. 1.37 ± 1.26 pg/ml, P = 0.0009), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 (683.6 ± 1127 vs. 654.8 ± 608.9 pg/ml, P = 0.0203), TNFRII (8588 ± 2889 vs. 5505 ± 1007 pg/ml, P < 0.0001), and MMP-8 (6382 ± 12,697 vs. 6247 ± 6950 pg/ml, P = 0.0141), while IL-1RII was reduced (6267 ± 1699 vs. 8514 ± 2255 pg/ml, P < 0.0001). IL-15 correlated with hypergammaglobulinemia and monoclonal component, MCP-1 with focus score and sicca severity, and IL-1RII with anti-SSB positivity. Logistic regression identified TNFRII and IL-1RII as the strongest independent predictors of SjD (AUC = 0.89). This study supports the association of IL-15, TNFRII, and MCP-1 with immune dysregulation in SjD and highlights MMP-8 and IL-1RII as promising serological biomarkers. Validation in larger, longitudinal cohorts is warranted.

Indexed as

Sjogren's SyndromeAdultAgedBiomarkersCase-Control StudiesChemokine CCL2FemaleHumansInterleukin-15MaleMiddle AgedBiomarkersChemokine CCL2Interleukin-15AutoimmunityBiomarkersCytokinesIL-15IL-1RIIInflammationMCP-1Sjögren’sTNFRII

Identifiers

PMID42185429
PMCPMC13434117

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.