ArticleThe Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics2026
Synergistic immunomodulatory combinations induce robust human tolerogenic dendritic cells for antigen-specific regulatory T cell generation.
Article in The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Sustained microparticle-mediated intracellular immunomodulation enhances tolerogenic dendritic cell stability and antigen-specific Treg induction.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Restoring antigen-specific immune tolerance remains a central challenge in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, as conventional immunosuppressive therapies lack specificity and can compromise protective immunity. Tolerogenic dendritic cell (tolDC) therapies offer a promising strategy for inducing durable, antigen-specific regulatory T cell (Treg) responses, but current methods for generating tolDCs are limited by poor longevity and Treg generative capacity. This study evaluates the clinical potential of Push/Pull Immunomodulation (PPI), a novel combinatorial approach identified through high-throughput molecular screening, in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs). The phenotype, cytokine profile, and longevity of PPI-treated moDCs were benchmarked against conventional tolDC induction agents. Functional assays assessed the capacity of PPI-tolDCs to induce antigen-specific Tregs. PPI-treated moDCs exhibited increased expression of tolerogenic markers (interleukin-10, programmed cell death receptor ligand 1, and B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator), enhanced in vitro longevity, and a unique transcriptomic signature characterized by upregulation of IDO1, IDO2, and T cell-sustaining cytokines. Notably, PPI9 induced robust, antigen-specific Treg responses, suggesting the potential for long-term tolerance induction. Although transient tumor necrosis factor-α release and moderate upregulation of CD40 and CD86 were observed, these did not impair Treg generation, indicating that PPI-tolDCs overcome key barriers associated with conventional tolDC therapies. PPI enables the generation of stable, long-lived human tolDCs with superior capacity to induce antigen-specific Tregs. Ongoing studies will further explore the translational potential of PPI-tolDCs for clinical applications in autoimmunity and transplantation. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This study validates a novel molecular combination to generate tolerogenic dendritic cells with primary human cells. These tolerogenic dendritic cells have potential use as a cell therapy for autoimmune diseases and transplantation.
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Registered trials
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