Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42184587›Full record

Trial reportDrug and alcohol dependence2026

Longitudinal craving profiles in cannabis use disorder: A latent class growth analysis of the achieving cannabis cessation: Evaluating N-Acetylcysteine Treatment (ACCENT) (CTN-0053) trial.

M Alias-Ferri, M Flesaker, K Gray, R Tomko, S McPherson, P T Korthuis, K Humphreys, L Moran, C Timko, N Vest

Abstract readRandomized Controlled TrialMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

M Alias-FerriDepartment of Medicine, Section of Addiction Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States. Electronic address: aliasfer@ohsu.edu.
M FlesakerDepartment of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, United States.
K GrayMedical University of South Carolina, United States.
R TomkoMedical University of South Carolina, United States.
S McPhersonElson S. Floyd College of Medicine and the Analytics and PsychoPharacmology Laboratory (APPL), Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States.
P T KorthuisDepartment of Medicine, Section of Addiction Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
K HumphreysVeterans Affairs and Stanford University Medical Centers, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
L MoranCenter for the Clinical Trials Network, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, United States.
C TimkoVeterans Affairs and Stanford University Medical Centers, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
N VestDepartment of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, United States.

Funding

Western States Node of the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network (TMS for CUD) UG1DA015815 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Keith N. Humphreys, Philip Todd Korthuis · 2015 to 2026
$24.6M
Collegiate recovery programming in the U.S.: An implementation science and mixed methods studyK01DA053391 · NIDA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Noel Adam Vest · 2022 to 2026
$882k
NIDA NIH HHS K01 DA053391NIDA NIH HHS L30 DA056944NIDA NIH HHS UG1 DA015815
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCraving is a core clinical feature of cannabis use disorder (CUD) and a predictor of treatment outcomes, yet its temporal course during treatment is not well characterized. This study aimed to identify latent classes of cannabis craving trajectories among adults with CUD and examine associated baseline predictors and cannabis use outcomes.

methodsThis was a secondary analysis of the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network's CTN-0053 trial, a 12-week, multisite randomized controlled trial of N-acetylcysteine versus placebo for adults with CUD (N = 302). Cannabis craving was measured using the Marijuana Craving Questionnaire-Short Form at six treatment timepoints (weeks 1-5, 9 and 12) and one 5-week post-treatment follow-up (week 17). Urine cannabinoid tests were conducted twice weekly throughout treatment and follow-up. Latent class growth analysis identified craving trajectories. The present study aimed to identify latent classes of cannabis craving over 12 weeks of treatment and examine baseline predictors of class membership.

resultsA four-class solution provided the best fit: low craving (41%), moderate-decreasing craving (38%), moderate-stable craving (11%), and high craving (10%). Participants in higher craving classes exhibited greater baseline anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms related to cannabis use. The high craving class had the greatest proportion of cannabis positive urine tests (96%) and the lowest urine test completion rate.

conclusionsCraving follows heterogeneous trajectories during CUD treatment and is associated with co-occurring mental health symptoms and poorer outcomes. Dynamic craving assessment may support personalized treatment and strategies to prevent return to use.

Indexed as

AcetylcysteineCravingMarijuana AbuseAdultFemaleHumansLatent Class AnalysisLongitudinal StudiesMaleTreatment OutcomeAcetylcysteineCannabis use disorderCravingLatent class growth analysisMental healthPersonalized interventionsTreatment outcomes

Identifiers

PMID42184587
PMCPMC13289840

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.