Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42184469›Full record

ArticleNeuroImage. Clinical2026

Altered temporal organization of neural response dynamics during attention processing differentiates ADHD subtypes in children.

Yanan Zhang, Tongxia Li, Jun Jiang, Hao Li, Ruidi Sun, Yunjie Li, Wenqi Chen

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Article in NeuroImage. Clinical, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yanan ZhangSchool of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China; Division of Child Healthcare, Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Tongxia LiDepartment of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Brain-Computer Interface Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Jun JiangDepartment of Electrophysiology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Hao LiInnovation Center for Brain Medical Sciences, The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Ruidi SunDepartment of Electrophysiology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: ssunruidi@sina.com.
Yunjie LiDivision of Child Healthcare, Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Brain-Computer Interface Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: liyunjie1025@163.com.
Wenqi ChenDivision of Child Healthcare, Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Brain-Computer Interface Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: wq_chen_research@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) shows marked heterogeneity, and conventional event-related potential (ERP) measures have limited sensitivity to subtype differences. This study examined whether alterations in the temporal organization of neural responses during attentional processing differentiate ADHD subtypes.

methodsChildren with predominantly inattentive ADHD (ADHD-I), combined-type ADHD (ADHD-C), and typically developing (TD) controls completed an auditory oddball task during electroencephalography. Neural responses were analyzed using time-resolved scalp topographies, low-dimensional neural trajectory analysis, and data-driven neural state modeling. Associations with clinical symptoms were examined.

resultsBoth ADHD subtypes showed altered temporal alignment of neural responses relative to TD children, particularly during target processing. Neural trajectories exhibited reduced differentiation between standard and target stimuli, with ADHD-I showing reduced trajectory separation and ADHD-C showing exaggerated but inefficient state excursions. Data-driven analyses further revealed subtype-specific alterations in neural state stability and transitions, which showed exploratory associations with attentional and behavioral impairment.

conclusionsADHD is characterized by disrupted temporal organization of neural responses that is not captured by conventional ERP measures. Subtype-specific neural dynamics provide a mechanistic account of ADHD heterogeneity.

Indexed as

AttentionAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityBrainAcoustic StimulationAdolescentBrain MappingChildElectroencephalographyEvoked PotentialsFemaleHumansMaleADHD subtypesAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderData-driven neural statesEEG neural dynamicsNeural trajectory analysisTemporal organization

Identifiers

PMID42184469
PMCPMC13226792

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.