Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42184039›Full record

ArticlePediatric cardiology2026

Environmental Exposures Influence Fetal Brain Growth and Risk of Neonatal Brain Injury in Congenital Heart Disease.

Lesje DeRose, Megan Martin, Elizabeth George, Karla Luna Silva, Flora Nuñez Gallegos, Martina Steurer, Duan Xu, Patrick McQuillen, Shabnam Peyvandi

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric cardiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Lesje DeRoseDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Heart Center, University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospitals, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-2777-5836
Megan MartinDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-3689-1453
Elizabeth GeorgeDepartment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3141-5738
Karla Luna SilvaUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, USA.
Flora Nuñez GallegosDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Heart Center, University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospitals, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-9397-6198
Martina SteurerDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Heart Center, University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospitals, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0794-160X
Duan XuDepartment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0550-4235
Patrick McQuillenDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Heart Center, University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospitals, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8837-364X
Shabnam PeyvandiDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Heart Center, University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospitals, San Francisco, CA, USA. Shabnam.peyvandi@ucsf.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1379-544X

Funding

NIH HHS K23 NS099422, R01 NS125404
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neurodevelopmental impairments are common in congenital heart disease (CHD) and fetal brain volume is an important predictor of outcomes. Social determinants of health (SDOH) and environmental factors influence brain growth in other populations and likely play a neurodevelopmental role in CHD. This study evaluated the influence of SDOH and environmental factors on fetal and neonatal brain volume, growth, and risk of brain injury in CHD. This prospective single-center longitudinal cohort study enrolled fetuses with severe CHD to undergo third-trimester fetal and preoperative brain MRIs. Controls underwent third-trimester brain MRIs. Participants completed SDOH and environmental exposure surveys. Fetal and neonatal brain volumes, brain growth, and presence of white matter injury (WMI) were assessed. 57 CHD patients and 24 controls were enrolled, resulting in 33 fetal and 44 neonatal MRIs in the CHD group and 21 fetal control MRIs. Several SDOH and environmental factors, including maternal smoking, were associated with smaller brain volume and slower brain growth in CHD but not in controls. With CHD, repeated-measures analysis showed smaller fetal brain volume (coeff: - 13.3, 95% CI - 25.5, - 1.1, p = 0.03) and slower growth (coeff: - 2.5, 95% CI - 5.0, - 0.07, p = 0.04) with exposure to any risk factor. Patients with moderate to severe WMI had significantly lower mean COI scores compared to those with no or minimal WMI (58.28 vs. 37.28, p = 0.04), but lost significance when adjusted for GA. SDOH and environmental exposures influence fetal brain growth and preoperative brain injury risk in CHD. These results highlight additive environmental prenatal risks which may be amenable to early intervention.

Indexed as

Brain growthCongenital heart diseaseEnvironmental exposuresNeurodevelopmentSocial determinants of health

Identifiers

PMID42184039

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.