ArticleHistochemistry and cell biology2026
Epigenetic orchestration by DNMT3B and DNMT3L throughout oocyte maturation.
Article in Histochemistry and cell biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
DNA methylation represents a fundamental epigenetic mechanism regulating gene expression and developmental processes. In this study, we investigated the specific roles of DNMT3B and DNMT3L during mouse oocyte maturation, examined their reciprocal regulatory interactions, and assessed the potential compensatory responses of other DNA methyltransferases, including DNMT1 and DNMT3A, upon gene silencing. In addition, global DNA methylation levels were evaluated to elucidate the overall epigenetic impact of DNMT3B and DNMT3L silencing. In the study, siRNA specific to DNMT3B or DNMT3L was applied to germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocytes, which were then cultured under in vitro conditions. At the end of the culture period, metaphase II (MII) oocytes were collected, and DNMT protein expression levels and global DNA methylation status were analyzed using immunofluorescence staining specific to DNMT proteins and 5-methylcytosine (5mC), respectively. The results showed that silencing DNMT3B led to a significant decrease in DNMT3L protein levels, and vice versa (p < 0.001). DNMT3L silencing resulted in a significant increase in DNMT1 expression (p < 0.001), while DNMT3B silencing caused no significant change in DNMT1 levels. Both gene silencing conditions led to a significant reduction in DNMT3A expression (p < 0.001) and global DNA methylation levels (p < 0.001). Oocyte maturation was assessed by the proportion of GV-stage oocytes reaching the MII stage. A decreased maturation rate was observed in both DNMT3B and DNMT3L siRNA-treated groups. These findings indicate that DNMT3B and DNMT3L regulate each other and other DNMT enzymes, and play a key role in oocyte maturation by controlling DNA methylation dynamics.
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