ReviewFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2026
Mammalian, plant, and gut microbiota-derived extracellular vesicles as emerging therapeutics for bone diseases.
Review in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mechanisms and Research Advances in Drug Delivery Systems for Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Review
- Mammalian cell-derived extracellular vesicles remodel the immune-repair microenvironment in osteoarthritis: from pathological signal transmission to regenerative therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bone disorders, including osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, represent a growing global health burden, yet current therapies remain limited by poor targeting efficiency and significant adverse effects. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), nanoscale lipid bilayer particles that mediate intercellular communication, have emerged as promising endogenous nanocarriers with intrinsic biocompatibility and regulatory capacity. This review summarises recent advances in EVs-based therapeutic strategies for bone diseases, focusing on EVs derived from mammalian cells, plants, and the gut microbiota. Particular emphasis is placed on gut microbiota-derived EVs, which have gained increasing attention for their role in regulating bone homeostasis through the "gut-bone axis". By comparing the biological characteristics, advantages, limitations, and disease-specific applicability of EVs from these distinct sources, we highlight their complementary therapeutic potential. Overall, this review provides a concise framework for the rational development and clinical translation of EVs-based precision therapies for bone disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.