ArticleJournal of thoracic disease2026
Risk factors associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severity among adults: a hospital-based cross-sectional study in Ningbo, China (2022-2025).
Article in Journal of thoracic disease, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a major public health burden. Understanding the distribution of demographic, clinical, and socioeconomic characteristics across severity stages may support improved disease management. This study examined characteristics associated with COPD severity among adults aged 60-80 years in a hospital-based screening cohort in Ningbo, China. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted from January 2022 to December 2025 among 18,832 spirometry-confirmed COPD patients identified through a hospital-based screening program. COPD severity was classified according to the 2023 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria. Group differences were evaluated using χ Results: Most patients were classified as GOLD stage I or II. In univariate analyses using χ Conclusions: In this hospital-based screening cohort, COPD severity varied systematically across demographic, symptom-related, and socioeconomic characteristics. These findings describe stage-related gradients within the screened population and may inform targeted management strategies.
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