Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42181415›Full record

ArticleCureus2026

Gradual Diaphragmatic Elevation and Chilaiditi Sign Associated With Phrenic Neuropathy Secondary to Cervical Disc Prolapse.

Luke Galea, Krista Maria Bonello, Kyra Bartolo, Yanika Farrugia, Martin V Balzan

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Luke GaleaGeneral Medicine, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, MLT.
Krista Maria BonelloInternal Medicine, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, MLT.
Kyra BartoloRespiratory Medicine, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, MLT.
Yanika FarrugiaRespiratory Medicine, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, MLT.
Martin V BalzanRespiratory Medicine, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, MLT.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We report the case of a 78-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with worsening dyspnoea, cough, and wheezing. Chest imaging revealed the Chilaiditi sign with the presence of a progressively elevated right hemidiaphragm. Chest X-rays taken in 2013, 2017, and 2025 showed a progressive rise in the right hemidiaphragm. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine performed in 2025 revealed cervical spinal cord and/or nerve root compression (C3-C5). These MRI findings, together with the progressive nature of the raised right hemidiaphragm over many years, suggest that the Chilaiditi sign may have been associated with this cervical cord/root compression. The Chilaiditi sign describes the interposition of the colon between the liver and the diaphragm in the right subphrenic space, possibly resulting from various pathologies such as elevation of the right diaphragm, relaxation or damage to the cruciform ligament of the liver, or increased laxity/mobility of the colon. This case highlights a novel, previously unreported possibility that there might be an association of the Chilaiditi sign with cervical disc prolapse of C3-C5. Further studies are necessary to support this possible association.

Indexed as

cervical disc prolapsechilaiditi signchilaiditi syndromediaphragmatic elevationphrenic nerve palsy

Identifiers

PMID42181415
PMCPMC13195257

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.