Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42181082›Full record

ArticleMethodsX2026

Lactose quantification in human breast milk by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry.

Line Berthiaume, Akhil Shukla, Alison K Shea, Sandeep Raha, Étienne Audet-Walsh

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in MethodsX, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Line BerthiaumeDepartment of molecular medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada.
Akhil ShuklaDepartment of molecular medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada.
Alison K SheaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Sandeep RahaDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada.
Étienne Audet-WalshDepartment of molecular medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mammary gland development is a complex process that begins in utero and continues to evolve after birth and throughout life. During and after pregnancy, this gland responds to stimuli to prepare for reproduction, undergoing several cycles of growth, maturation, milk production and secretion, and finally involution. Lactation is a high-energy-consuming process that, over a limited period, becomes one of the major energy expenditures for mothers, which is essential for the offspring's survival. The mammary epithelium produces and secretes the different milk constituents, consisting of protein, lipids, and carbohydrates (lactose). Lactose represents one of the most abundant nutrients present in milk, being of the utmost importance for newborns. Here, we present a new methodology to perform quantitative measurement of lactose by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. The method is simple and allows high recovery of lactose (>95%), along with a high reproducibility between batches at physiologically relevant concentrations. It thus represents a new tool to further study milk biology.•A novel protocol to measure lactose by mass spectrometry in milk is described.

Indexed as

BreastfeedingBreastmilkGestational diabetes mellitusMammary glandPregnancyReproductionSteroid hormones

Identifiers

PMID42181082
PMCPMC13196133

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.